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Tooele Army Depot Least Chub Refuge Habitat Management
Region: Central
ID: 6106
Project Status: Completed
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Project Details
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Need for Project
Emergent vegetation (primarily cattails) are encroaching on two Least chub refuge ponds located at the Tooele Army Depot South to the point that open water habitat has become much more confined, with the potential left untreated to impact the species. Nonnative Phragmites (common reed) is also becoming more extensive in the lower pond. Proliferation of willows around the perimeters, primarily the upper pond, has rendered access for biological sampling difficult and threatens to overwhelm portions of a fence encircling the upper pond.
Provide evidence about the nature of the problem and the need to address it. Identify the significance of the problem using a variety of data sources. For example, if a habitat restoration project is being proposed to benefit greater sage-grouse, describe the existing plant community characteristics that limit habitat value for greater sage-grouse and identify the changes needed for habitat improvement.
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Objectives
1. Improve access by trimming willows and other vegetation surrounding the ponds. 2. Increase open water habitat for chubs in the ponds by selective removal of cattails and other emergent aquatic vegetation, and also some submerged vegetation and sediment on a limited basis, retaining an ample amount for breeding and cover (up to 25% of open water surface area). 3. Improve water conveyance efficiency between the two ponds via selective removal of terrestrial vegetation along the channel connecting them. 4. Process vegetation waste and transport composted material to various sites on the property for other beneficial uses. 5. Estimate and photo document decrease in target vegetation (area removed vs. area remaining) and increase in open area of ponds. 6. Continue to document densities of adult and juvenile least chub annually.
Provide an overall goal for the project and then provide clear, specific and measurable objectives (outcomes) to be accomplished by the proposed actions. If possible, tie to one or more of the public benefits UWRI is providing.
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Project Location/Timing Justification (Why Here? Why Now?)
As the ponds continue to become more encroached by vegetation it will become less suitable for occupancy by least chub and increasingly difficult to collect and salvage fish prior to cleaning the ponds, which could result in higher rates of mortality of a sensitive species.
LOCATION: Justify the proposed location of this project over other areas, include publicly scrutinized planning/recovery documents that list this area as a priority, remote sensing modeling that show this area is a good candidate for restoration, wildlife migration information and other data that help justify this project's location.
TIMING: Justify why this project should be implemented at this time. For example, Is the project area at risk of crossing an ecological or other threshold wherein future restoration would become more difficult, cost prohibitive, or even impossible.
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Relation to Management Plans
Utah Wildlife Action Plan. 2015. Least chub are listed as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need (S2/N1) under the WAP. Threats to its persistence include invasive nonnative species, both plants and animals. Nonnative common reed (Phragmites) has invaded the refuge pools and is spreading. Least chub are particularly sensitive because they exist largely as isolated populations with shrinking habitat due to droughts, water management, and encroachment of vegetation on their habitat. Conservation Agreement and Strategy for Least Chub. 1998. Goal is to ensure long-term persistence of Least Chub within its historic range and support development of statewide conservation efforts. Objectives include to: 1) eliminate or significantly reduce threats to least chub and its habitat to the greatest extent possible, and 2) restore and maintain a minimum number of populations throughout its historic range that will ensure the continued existence of Least Chub. The CAS's goal and both objectives are applicable to the proposed project.
List management plans where this project will address an objective or strategy in the plan. Describe how the project area overlaps the objective or strategy in the plan and the relevance of the project to the successful implementation of those plans. It is best to provide this information in a list format with the description immediately following the plan objective or strategy.
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Fire/Fuels
N/A
If applicable, detail how the proposed project will significantly reduce the risk of fuel loading and/or continuity of hazardous fuels including the use of fire-wise species in re-seeding operations. Describe the value of any features being protected by reducing the risk of fire. Values may include; communities at risk, permanent infrastructure, municipal watersheds, campgrounds, critical wildlife habitat, etc. Include the size of the area where fuels are being reduced and the distance from the feature(s) at risk.
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Water Quality/Quantity
Selective removal of submerged and emergent vegetation in the pond should help improve water quality by reducing the amount of decaying organic material in the pond, which increases biological oxygen demand and could therefore reduce dissolved oxygen levels during certain periods. Impacts to oxygen levels may be seasonal, such as during winter when the pond may freeze and oxygen exchange and circulation is more limited; and daily, such as during the night when plant respiration far exceeds photosynthesis. Proposed actions are not intended or expected to improve water quantity because only plants and saturated organic material (peat), and not sediment, are slated for removal. The DWR does not have any water rights at the WMA but there are no held downstream of the ponds. Water Rights has informed DWR there should not be significant issues if dredging is held to a minimum level. Sediment removal will largely be an artifact of removal of emergent vegetation to the rhizome (root).
Describe how the project has the potential to improve water quality and/or increase water quantity, both over the short and long term. Address run-off, erosion, soil infiltration, and flooding, if applicable.
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Compliance
N/A. DWR will take the necessary precautions to protect fish from harm due to proposed clearance activities to the maximum practicable extent and has jurisdiction over this State-listed species. There are no water rights issues at this site to affect work, however, we will exercise restraint with any sediment removal.
Description of efforts, both completed and planned, to bring the proposed action into compliance with any and all cultural resource, NEPA, ESA, etc. requirements. If compliance is not required enter "not applicable" and explain why not it is not required.
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Methods
HEAVY EQUIPMENT: Tooele Army Depot personnel will utilize heavy equipment including a mini excavator and possibly a backhoe to help remove Phragmites from the lower pond, cattails from either pond, and as necessary, to perform some minor dredging usually coincident with removal of emergent vegetation. Heavy equipment may also be used to help clear some willows from around the ponds to facilitate access for monitoring, primarily the upper pond. All use of heavy equipment will be done under the guidance of DWR biologists. HAND CREWS: Personnel will utilize cutting shears and shovels (supplied by DWR) to remove upland and emergent vegetation in both ponds, but primarily the upper pond where vegetation encroachment is more severe. DWR biologists will oversee this work. Goal is to open up densely vegetated (emergent and submerged) but retain an sufficient amount (25% minimum pond coverage) as cover and breeding habitat for fish. SHREDDER: Removed vegetation will be stockpiled and fed into a shredder. Processed vegetation will be hauled away from the site for use elsewhere on Army Depot grounds. FISH SALVAGE: Remove as many fish as possible from ponds prior to activities and transfer to holding tank. Return fish to ponds when completed.
Describe the actions, activities, tasks to be implemented as part of the proposed project; how these activities will be carried out, equipment to be used, when, and by whom.
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Monitoring
Habitat measurements will be taken before and after treatments. These will include emergent vegetation areal coverage, upland vegetation coverage, and pond depth transects (x, y). These will be repeated during annual surveys coincident with scheduled fish surveys. Results of this management effort will be summarized in a separate report.
Describe plans to monitor for project success and achievement of stated objectives. Include details on type of monitoring (vegetation, wildlife, etc.), schedule, assignments and how the results of these monitoring efforts will be reported and/or uploaded to this project page. If needed, upload detailed plans in the "attachments" section.
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Partners
Tooele Army Depot will be supplying heavy equipment (excavators and shredders) and personnel to help remove and process plant material.
List any and all partners (agencies, organizations, NGO's, private landowners) that support the proposal and/or have been contacted and included in the planning and design of the proposed project. Describe efforts to gather input and include these agencies, landowners, permitees, sportsman groups, researchers, etc. that may be interested/affected by the proposed project. Partners do not have to provide funding or in-kind services to a project to be listed.
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Future Management
This project is expected to be completed during one year, but because vegetation can be regenerated it will likely need to be repeated at some level of intensity in the future. That time frame should be extended through the proposed actions of removing selected emergent vegetation (native cattail and nonnative Phragmites) down to and including the rhizomes, by which they spread.
Detail future methods or techniques (including administrative actions) that will be implemented to help in accomplishing the stated objectives and to insure the long term success/stability of the proposed project. This may include: post-treatment grazing rest and/or management plans/changes, wildlife herd/species management plan changes, ranch plans, conservation easements or other permanent protection plans, resource management plans, forest plans, etc.
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Sustainable Uses of Natural Resources
Least chub are listed as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need and recently were petitioned for the second time to be listed under the Endangered Species Act. Taking steps to prevent least chub from being listed under the ESA will be important to reduce economic impacts to Utahns. Federal listing could affect acquisition of water rights, groundwater pumping rates, cattle ranching practices, and housing development.
Potential for the proposed action to improve quality or quantity of sustainable uses such as grazing, timber harvest, biomass utilization, recreation, etc. Grazing improvements may include actions to improve forage availability and/or distribution of livestock.
Title Page
Project Details
Finance
Species
Habitats
Seed
Comments
Images/Documents
Completion Form
Project Summary Report